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Turkish courts-martial of 1919–20
Turkish courts-martial of 1919–20 were courts-martial of the Ottoman Empire that occurred right after the armistice of Mudros during the aftermath of World War I. The leadership of the Committee of Union and Progress and selected former officials were charged with several charges including subversion of the constitution, wartime profiteering, and the massacres of both Armenians and Greeks. The court reached a verdict which sentenced the organizers of the massacres, Talat, Enver, Cemal and others to death.
The courts-martial were dismissed for their failure to prosecute the war criminals responsible for the Armenian Genocide. The Allied government subsequently sent the war criminals to Malta in a failed attempt coordinated by the British forces. Ottoman war criminals were named and relocated from Constantinople's jails to the British colony of Malta on board of the SS ''Princess Ena Malta'' and the SS ''HMS Bembow'' (later to be known as the "Malta exiles" in Turkish sources), where they were believed to be held for some three years while searches were made in the archives of Constantinople, London, Paris and Washington to find a way to prosecute them. The European Court of Human Rights judge Giovanni Bonello claims that the detainees were released in 1921 after having no legal framework to prosecute war criminals, due to a legal vacuum in international law, therefore contrary to Turkish sources, no trials were ever held in Malta〔(Turkey’s EU Minister, Judge Giovanni Bonello And the Armenian Genocide - ‘Claim about Malta Trials is nonsense’ ). The Malta Independent. 19 April 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2013〕
==Background==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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